Can they impose a ban on traveling abroad? Restrictions on traveling abroad: how to find out about the ban, why it is imposed, bypass. Prohibition on traveling with children
Exit from Russia may be prohibited if:
- A civil servant works with state secrets (the restriction also applies for 5 years after termination of the employment contract; in some cases, this period can be extended to 10 years).
- A citizen is called up for military service (the ban applies until the end of service).
- A person is suspected of committing a crime (until a verdict is passed).
- The citizen is convicted (the restriction is valid until the end of the court verdict).
- A citizen whose travel documents are filled out incorrectly.
- There is a court decision containing a ban on leaving the country.
- In relation to the minor, a corresponding statement has been written on behalf of one of the parents.
Common court decisions prohibiting departure from the country mainly concern debtors.
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Debt can be:
- To an individual.
- Before the enterprise.
- Before the state.
The ban may be for:
- Rent debts.
- Unpaid fines.
- Tax debts.
The court prohibits not all debtors from crossing the country's border, but rather willful defaulters for whom the court has ordered debt collection.
By law, the defendant has the right to pay debts during the consideration of the case or during enforcement proceedings.
Ban on leaving Russia for non-payers
The list of circumstances that must be met to prohibit the departure of a defaulter:
- Enforcement proceedings must be initiated and a writ of execution must be issued.
- The amount of debt must be more than 10 thousand rubles.
- The writ of execution must be provided to the citizen no later than 3 years from the date of the court decision.
- The resolution must be sent to the defaulter, as well as to the FMS.
Ban on leaving Russia for civil servants
The ban may apply to citizens with a certain status:
- Prohibition for civil servants with access to state secrets.
- Prohibition for civil servants working in closed organizations.
As a rule, the travel ban for civil servants is extended for 5 or in some cases for 10 years after termination of the employment contract.
Judges of the Russian Federation may be restricted from leaving the country, although the legislation does not specifically say this. But in practice there are cases when a ban is issued, but on other grounds.
Prohibition on traveling with children
Article 21 of Federal Law No. 14 allows for the possibility of restricting the departure of a minor on the basis of an application from one of the parents. It is possible to challenge this decision in court.
The application itself can be submitted without justifying the reason.
By law, no one is required to inform the other parent of this decision.
Where and how to check for a ban on traveling abroad
Checking information about a travel ban can be done in several ways.
The most reliable way is to personally visit the Bailiff Service. To do this, you must provide your passport.
You can also check permission to cross the border through the police by submitting a written request. The only negative is that you will have to wait an average of a month for an answer.
And there is the fastest way - through the corresponding sites. The information is updated over a certain period of time, so if the court recently made a decision to restrict travel, the site may not have information about this. Or vice versa, if the debt has already been repaid and the SSP has lifted the ban, this information may not be immediately entered on the site.
FSSP website
- We go to the website http://fssprus.ru/.
- Click on “Data Bank of Enforcement Proceedings”.
- Enter all the necessary data:
- Last name.
- Surname.
- Date of birth.
- Click on the “search” button.
- Let's look at the result.
Tax website
Before visiting the site, you must obtain a login and password for your personal account from the tax office. And on your first visit, change this password. If you forget to change it, then next time you won’t be able to log into your account using the old password. And you will need to go to the tax office again.
- We go to the website nalog.ru.
- We log in to your personal account using the login and password issued by the tax office.
- In your personal account you can already see all the detailed information about your debts, etc.
Government services website
You can check the availability of unpaid fines on the government services website.
- We go to the website gosuslugi.ru.
- We enter your personal account. If you are not registered yet, you must register.
- We go to the page of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
- We are looking for the “Checking for issued fines” department.
- Enter the required information:
- Driver's license number.
- Car number.
- Search.
- We see all the unpaid fines.
For what period is the restriction imposed?
You can see in many comments that the restriction is imposed for an unlimited period. But this is not true.
FSSP letter 12/01-830-NV states that the period cannot be exceeded by more than 6 months.
If the defaulter has not repaid his debts, a new ban on travel restrictions may be issued.
How to cancel a travel ban?
There are two options:
- Pay off all your debts.
- Agree with the bailiff to allow departure, on any conditions, for example, partial repayment of the debt.
If the ban has already entered into force, then paying off debts is not enough.
There are a number of other steps you need to take:
- Provide the bailiff with a copy of the payment receipt confirming the repayment of the debt.
- Ask for a copy of the resolution lifting the restriction on leaving the country, certified by a seal with the coat of arms and the signature of the senior bailiff.
- Check whether the documents have been sent to the central unit of the Border Guard. When did you send it and how long do you have to wait?
This entire procedure takes two weeks. As a rule, this does not happen faster.
Is it possible to receive compensation for losses from the bailiffs who prohibited departure?
Yes, it is possible to compensate for losses. But only if, for example, the debtor was not sent a resolution to initiate enforcement proceedings or if they were not notified of the imposition of the ban itself. Compensation can only be demanded through the courts.
According to the law, proper notification is considered to be sending a letter to the registration address. The fact that you received this letter does not matter.
Conclusions:
- Persons who may receive travel restrictions:
- Civil servants working with military secrets.
- Military personnel.
- Suspects of committing a crime.
- Convicted people.
- If travel documents are filled out incorrectly.
- If the travel ban is established by the court.
- Children, at the request of the parent.
- Debt can be:
- To an individual.
- Before the enterprise.
- Before the state.
- The restriction may be for:
- Rent debts.
- Failure to fulfill alimony debt.
- Debts on credit obligations.
- Unpaid fines.
- Tax debts.
- Civil servants are prohibited from leaving not only at the time of concluding an employment contract, but also for 5-10 years after termination of the contract.
- The debtor may be prohibited from leaving only if he is recognized as a willful defaulter and the debt exceeds 10,000 rubles.
- Any parent can write an application to prohibit his child from traveling abroad. And he is not obliged to inform the other parent about this.
- You can check whether there are restrictions on traveling abroad by visiting the FSSP in person or through the official website.
- You can also check your debts on the tax office website and on the government services website.
- The restriction on travel cannot be longer than 6 months. But the bailiff can issue a new order, again for 6 months.
- You can cancel the restriction by agreement with the bailiff or pay off your debt and provide documents to the bailiff.
- If the debtor was not informed about the imposition of a restriction on travel at the place of registration, then the defaulter can, through the court, demand compensation for lost money for the voucher, tickets, including moral damages.
- If the notification was sent to the place of registration. But the defaulter simply did not receive it. You won't be able to get compensation.
Representatives of the law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation and those who have access to state secrets are aware of the taboo on traveling outside their home country. There may also be other citizens on the “black list” of the FSB border units who, before going through passport control, considered themselves to be traveling abroad. This article will discuss how to find out if there is a ban on traveling abroad? And this must be done at least two weeks before the planned date of travel. Then you won’t have to unpack your suitcases and count the losses from your short-sightedness.
Why can Russian citizens be restricted from traveling?
The biggest trouble that can await those traveling outside the Fatherland is a ban on travel at the border checkpoint. People who are considered restricted from traveling abroad due to their duties are well aware of the prohibitions. But in a number of cases, a ban can be imposed on ordinary citizens of the Russian Federation.
The time limit is regulated by law. The common belief that an insignificant debt on traffic fines, payment of housing and communal services and taxes can become an obstacle to traveling abroad is not true. Your debt may be equal to or exceed 30 thousand rubles - the liability threshold was increased in the second half of 2017.
Previously, the amount was three times smaller debts. But even with multimillion-dollar unpaid obligations, you can leave your country. To be sure of this, you must know for what reasons and to what extent you should postpone your foreign voyage.
Reasons for the ban on leaving Russia
The Migration Service and the FSB of the Russian Federation regulate the procedure for Russians leaving the country.
Main reasons for the ban:
- Service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. This includes access to information containing state secrets.
- Being under investigation, sentence for the crime committed, including probation. This category includes citizens who were released on parole from prison.
- Availability of debts. Evasion of court-imposed obligations to repay debt.
Key words in the travel ban for debtors:
- the court's decision,
- non-repayment of debt under claims.
The amount of debt under the writ of execution from 2017 should exceed 30 thousand rubles compared to 10 thousand rubles in force previously. The increase in the liability threshold was adopted in connection with inflationary processes in the Russian Federation.
Where and how to view the “black list” by last name and online?
Those planning to travel abroad should not be reassured by the fact that they have not received written notice from the bailiffs. The letter simply could have gotten lost or arrived at an address where the debtor does not live. The border service is not interested in your “ignorance” and you will not receive a “green light”. Only bitter disappointment: the collapse of plans and the loss of considerable money paid for tickets or for the tour.
To avoid getting into such a situation, you need to review your personal data in advance for “cleanliness.” In the case of a debt subject to repayment according to executive documents, repay it.
Important! Check with time: information about the lifting of a court decision on a travel ban does not arrive at the border service with the wave of a magic wand - this action will take some time.
Most likely, lifting the ban after compliance with court orders will take about two weeks. The databases will be updated, and you will be able to fly outside the Russian Federation.
There are many direct access sites for online background checks before your trip. You will receive information from the border guards too late - at the time of passing control. This information is not publicly available - the unit is part of the Federal Security Service.
Attention! We do not recommend delaying the check until departure. Even if you pay off the debt right at the airport, the restrictions will not be lifted. It is necessary to wait for documentary confirmation of the completion of enforcement proceedings - this is done by bailiffs. Next, the data must be entered into the register of the border control service.
Checking lists of debtors
At the bailiffs (FSSP)
The best service and guarantor of your “purity” is the official website of the bailiff service:
Working with it does not require separate registration and creation of a Personal Account. You are immediately taken to the public part of the Bank of Enforcement Proceedings.
Fill in the fields:
- registration region from the drop-down list;
- Full Name;
- Date of Birth.
The answer: “Nothing was found for your request” opens up the green light for you to leave. If your request specifies the date and number of the enforcement proceeding, you can instantly pay off the debt with a bank card.
On the FSSP website you will find information about initiating enforcement. proceedings for the following debts:
- payment for housing and communal services;
- traffic police fines;
- transfers to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation;
- private loans;
- tax deductions;
- loan payments.
For complete confidence, you can order a paid report on all your debts with a database check. Based on the results, the probability of departure is estimated. To do this, fill out the form below:
On the State Services portal
Perhaps your fines have not yet been transferred to the bailiff service after the court hearing.
This procedure takes up to 70 days.:
- 10 – period for appeal;
- 60 – to pay off the debt.
Then you should contact the State Unified System.
You can access this resource at the territorial tax authority, which will issue a password and login, or use an account for the State Services portal. Holders of a qualified electronic signature can work in a taxpayer’s personal account.
If you find a debt there that exceeds 30 thousand rubles, pay it off before forced collection.
traffic police
Theoretically, you can leave a request on the help service website here: services.fms.gov.ru/info-service.htm?sid=3000. But the answer is for reference only.
You can check whether you are on the “black list of those not allowed to travel abroad” when you receive a foreign passport. If you have debts under writs of execution, the issuance of the document will be refused.
Electronic checks on these sites are simple and free. However, commercial information resources have also appeared that, for a small fee (two to three hundred rubles) promise you “the most reliable information.”
Make no mistake: paid services still use the same free official databases. They do not have access to the internal resources of the intelligence services. Perhaps they will save time for an insecure PC user.
How to find out if there is a ban on a child traveling abroad?
The ban on a child traveling abroad with one of the parents raises many questions. Until recently, there was a lot of misunderstanding about this.
In 2015, the FSB Border Service abolished the mandatory notarized permission for the departure of a minor from one of the parents. But, unfortunately, children can end up on the “black list”.
One of the parents has the right to veto the child’s foreign travel. Another person learns about the ban only at the time of check-in for a flight or going through passport control - there is no basis for checking minors using a stop list.
The ban procedure is not regulated by the legislator. An application in a simple form submitted to the FMS is enough and the ban will be received. The ban can only be lifted through a court decision.
To establish a ban, a parent, usually not living with the minor, must provide the migration service with the original birth certificate of the child.
Do not give the original birth certificate to the other party under any pretext, and you will be sure that the “threat” to make your child unable to travel abroad exists only in words.
Are debts checked at the border with Kazakhstan and Belarus or at the airport?
“Banned” debtors are looking for workarounds to cross the border. For a long time, the “bypass” scheme through the states of the Customs Union worked. By plane - to Minsk, from there to your destination.
But, according to reviews from travelers, at the Belarusian airport debtors are turned back to their home airport. Since mid-2017, border guards have been working to unite all bases of the states that are members of the Customs Union.
The same applies to Kazakhstan. The previously proven scheme for traveling to Asian countries (transit train ticket to Kazakhstan's Petropavlovsk) also began to fail. At the border of Russia and Kazakhstan, debtors are removed from the train.
There is only one loophole left for “forgetful” debtors. Transit through Lithuania by train Moscow - Kaliningrad. Take a ticket to the final station. Stop your trip in Vilnius. From there, fly to the desired country. A prerequisite is an open Schengen visa.
Nobody will prohibit you from entering Russia - you can take a direct flight.
For a visual aid to checking debt on the bailiffs website, watch this video:
Conclusion
Don't look for workarounds. There are fewer and fewer loopholes for debtors. When planning a trip abroad, check your “stop list” in advance using the available database of official websites. After paying your debts, visit the bailiff to make sure the legal proceedings are closed.
Remember, that it will take about another half month before the internal database of the Border Service of the FSB of Russia is updated. Only then will a “green street” be open to former debtors.
For complete confidence, you can order a paid report on all your debts with a database check. Based on the results, the probability of departure is estimated. To do this, fill out the form below.
Summer is ahead - the long-awaited vacation period. Many of our compatriots are planning foreign holidays. However, before you book accommodation or buy a tour, you should make sure that the country’s authorities will give the green light to leave. What reasons may be behind the decision to restrict movement and where can I check the ban on traveling abroad?
Reasons for restrictions
Some categories of Russian citizens are well aware that they are prohibited from leaving the country, so they do not even try to check the ban on traveling abroad online or in any other way. These include FSB employees and persons who have access to any state secrets.
Conscripts and those doing military or civilian service cannot travel outside the Russian Federation. Temporary travel restrictions are imposed on defendants who are suspected or convicted of committing a criminal act.
Why do the Russian authorities regularly warn Russians that they may not be allowed to leave the country, and should they be afraid of a “surprise” at the border? According to statistics from the Main Directorate for Migration Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (formerly the FMS), a fairly large group of citizens restricted from traveling abroad are debtors.
The following may prevent a Russian from leaving the country:
- Debt exceeding 10,000 rubles (for alimony, fines, loans or housing and communal services).
- Presentation of a writ of execution to a citizen or institution of enforcement proceedings.
- Failure to fulfill obligations imposed by a court decision.
How to find out debts before traveling abroad? It is impossible not to know about the fact of the court hearing and the announcement of the decision, because the citizen had to be present at it. Only after a court decision has been made, the Federal Bailiff Service (FSSP) begins to operate. If the debt is repaid and the enforcement proceedings are terminated, the travel ban is canceled. These events are regulated by Art. 15 Federal Law of August 15, 1996 No. 114-FZ “On the procedure for exit/entry into the Russian Federation.”
If the citizen against whom the proceedings are being conducted does not live at the place of permanent registration, the court hearing can still take place without his participation. In this situation, the bailiffs are forced to restrict his travel, because there is no other way to influence him. This measure is taken only against persistent defaulters.
Verification methods
There are more than one or two ways to find out if you are blocked from traveling abroad. In order to prepare for your trip with peace of mind, you can go to the local branch of the Bailiff Service with an internal passport and ask for information about the absence/presence of restrictions. But if there is no opportunity or time to make a personal visit, you should use official Internet services.
Why do you need to do this in advance? Cancellation of the restriction does not occur automatically - the procedure for canceling the decision to temporarily restrict a willful defaulter from leaving the Russian Federation lasts on average 10 days. Therefore, it would be useful to have some extra time. Currently, the FSSP together with the border service are working to reduce the cancellation period.
A database of enforcement proceedings has been created on the FSSP online service (section “Information Systems”), where you can find out the number and start date of enforcement proceedings. In addition, it contains the contact details of the bailiff.
Additional Resources
Information about the initiation of enforcement proceedings, and, consequently, restrictions on travel abroad can be checked through the Unified Portal of State Services or the Moscow Portal of State and Municipal Services.
Other government bodies have also created their own services, including the State Traffic Inspectorate and the Federal Tax Service. With these easy-to-use online services, you can not only quickly check whether you have a debt, but also pay it off immediately.
In addition, it is possible to check for a travel ban on the basis of the Main Directorate of Migration Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for foreign citizens who are trying to cross the border of the Russian Federation. After entering basic personal data into the specified fields of the questionnaire, in a minute you can receive a preliminary answer to the question.
The service warns that the result of the check is for reference only, therefore, to receive an official response, you should submit a written application to the local division of the migration service.
After this, you will receive a notification indicating:
- number of the court decision imposing a travel ban;
- date of initiation of enforcement proceedings;
- duration of the restriction;
- name and address of the organization restricting travel.
All data about the circumstances of a citizen that prevent him from traveling abroad are promptly sent to the Main Department of Migration from the bailiff service, the penitentiary service, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and employers. If a person does not agree with the decision to ban travel, he can file a complaint with the migration service or go to court.
How to find out if there is a ban on traveling abroad for Russians: video
Summer is the time for vacations and travel to warm countries. Many Russians prefer to spend this time abroad. But it’s not always enough to buy a ticket, apply for a visa and pack your things. In some cases, traveling abroad may be prohibited. For example, if there are debts that are not paid on time.
Is it possible to travel abroad with debts?
Debt is a common occurrence in our time, since many citizens take out loans to realize their desires right now, rather than wait for the required amount to accumulate. There is an opinion that any debts to a bank or other organization inevitably impose some restrictions, including the prohibition of travel abroad. This is far from true.
The current legislative framework of Russia indicates that when debt reaches certain limits, restrictions on traveling outside the country are not automatically imposed. In order for a ban to be approved against a debtor, it is necessary for the claimant to go to court. After receiving a court decision, the plaintiff will have to initiate enforcement proceedings against the debtor. If he does not comply with the court's orders, a temporary ban on leaving the Russian Federation will be imposed on him.
According to Russian laws, if a debtor does not comply with a court order without serious reasons and does not pay the debt, then the bailiff has the right to decide on a temporary restriction on leaving the Russian Federation. The paper is sent to the border service. The document is valid for 6 months. If after this time the debt is not paid, the measure is extended for a similar period.
What amount of debt limits travel abroad?
The minimum amount of debt at which a sanction is imposed is established by law. This is 10,000 rubles. But again, we emphasize only if the debt is confirmed by the court. The regulations specifically clarify that both the bailiff himself and the recoverer upon a corresponding application have the right to initiate a ban.
A debt of 10,000 rubles can arise not only in one case, but also in the aggregate for several decisions. The subject of execution can also be anything - from a traffic police fine to a loan not repaid on time.
A debt limit of 10 thousand rubles is established for:
- alimony payments;
- compensation for harm to health;
- property damage;
- moral compensation.
For other types of debts (disciplinary, administrative, credit loans, tax evasion, non-payment of housing and communal services), an acceptable limit of 30 thousand rubles is established.
If the debt is less than the limit, you can fly abroad without any problems. For example, once the traffic police issued a fine for speeding in the amount of 500 rubles, but the citizen conveniently forgot about it. In this case, no one will be able to prohibit him from traveling abroad.
To make a decision on a ban, the amount of debt must exceed 10,000 rubles; if it is less, no one has the right to introduce restrictions.
Video: Russians cannot go abroad due to debts
Duration of the ban
Only a court can impose a ban on free travel, and only for a certain period - the maximum permissible period is 6 months. This restriction is established for citizens who have debt, the maximum permissible limit for which is 10 thousand rubles. If the debt was formed for reasons for which the limit is 30 thousand rubles, the temporary restriction on leaving the country will be valid for no more than 2 months.
To re-introduce the restriction, the bailiff will have to go through the entire procedure again, that is, prepare documents, go to court, and wait for a decision. In other words, a ban imposed once is not automatically renewed after 6 months.
Is it possible to travel abroad with a loan and mortgage?
The border service or the migration department will not simply prevent you from leaving. And they are definitely not interested in the credit history of citizens, the presence of a mortgage and other debts.
The exception is situations where a banking or credit organization filed a petition in court indicating the debtor’s failure to fulfill loan obligations. After the trial, the Bailiff Service will receive the final verdict, on the basis of which an act will be prepared prohibiting the debtor from leaving the territory under the jurisdiction of the Government of the Russian Federation.
The right of the FSPP not to release debtors outside the Russian Federation is enshrined in Federal Law No. 229 “On Enforcement Proceedings”. However, restrictive measures can only be imposed by a court. Bailiffs implement the court decision by sending the restriction order to the border and migration services.
Who establishes a travel ban and how?
To prohibit a Russian from traveling abroad, the bailiff must have a court decision that has entered into force. Having this document in hand, the bailiff opens enforcement proceedings. If the debtor is within reach, he is given 5 days to pay the debt. Then the bailiff, at his own discretion or at the request of the creditor, decides to restrict travel and sends the necessary documents to the border and migration services. After a sanction is imposed, the citizen will not be allowed to travel abroad; their passport may be confiscated or its issuance may be refused. The seizure takes place at the border, then the passport is sent to the issuing agency.
You must understand that the presence of debts, even with open enforcement proceedings, does not mean a mandatory ban on leaving. A bank or a private individual does not have the right to prohibit an issue abroad if the issue has not been examined in court, there is no decision and proceedings have not been opened in the case. In other words, the creditor must first sue the debtor, obtain a decision, and transfer the writ of execution to the FSPP (Federal Bailiff Service). And only then can he demand restrictive sanctions against the debtor. Most often, bailiffs make such a decision precisely at the request of the creditor.
Types of debts that prevent departure
We have already found out that the debt must be confirmed by a court decision. A missed loan payment will not be an obstacle to leaving if the bank has not gone to court and received a decision.
The restriction threatens citizens with debts under various headings:
- alimony;
- taxes;
- overdue loans;
- utility bills, housing and communal services;
- debt to private individuals, confirmed by the court;
- administrative fines imposed by the State Traffic Inspectorate, police, Federal Tax Service, customs service, labor inspectorate, and so on.
The traffic police will send the material to the court if the fine for violating traffic rules is not paid within 60 days. The police will do the same if the violator neglected penalties and did not make payments on time.
In other words, any debts in 2018–2019. may lead to restrictions on leaving the Russian Federation.
How to check debts before traveling abroad
Usually, citizens themselves know about late payments on loans or rent, unpaid alimony and outstanding fines. And they are also most often aware of the consequences that usually arise due to debts: court decisions arrive by mail, the bailiff sends a summons, and so on. But there are times when debt becomes an unpleasant surprise. For example, a person does not live at the place of registration, letters about payment of fines from the traffic police or other authorities simply do not reach him. Or the ex-wife may unexpectedly file for alimony, and this fact will remain unknown to the defendant. There are plenty of options.
To avoid getting into an unpleasant situation when leaving the country, it is advisable to inquire in advance about the existence of debt. How to do it?
Naturally, bailiffs and border guards have information about restrictive measures. It is not advisable to directly address this issue to the bailiff service. The FSSP is interested in collecting the debt from the debtor; a citizen’s attention to this issue may provoke a situation where the bailiff, at his discretion, initiates an appeal to the court in order to close the exit. The best option is to make an official request to the border service.
Check by last name in the register of the Federal Bailiff Service
You can find out about debts already recognized by the court on the FSSP website. You will need to enter your personal data, and the system will issue a certificate of open enforcement proceedings indicating the amount of the debt, its origin and the contact details of the bailiff. The site allows you to immediately pay your debt in one of several ways. You can also pay off your debt during a personal visit to the FSSP office. If you pay using the latter method, the money will be entered into the database much faster than with a non-cash transfer.
The very fact of open enforcement proceedings does not mean that exit from the Russian Federation is closed. The bailiff will clarify the nuances of this issue.
There are several ways to pay your debt on the FSSP website:
- through Sberbank Online, for Sberbank clients there is also a corresponding tab in their personal account;
- through the FSSP mobile phone application;
- through a payment system (Yandex. Money, Qiwi, WebMoney, Robokassa);
- on a printed receipt at any bank branch.
How to find out about unpaid taxes on the website of the Federal Tax Service
Before your trip, it’s a good idea to make sure there are no debts on taxes and fees. To do this you need to do several steps:
- go to the Federal Tax Service website, create a personal account (TIN number is required);
- select the section “Find out your debt”;
- Enter information in all fields and click the “Find” button.
After processing the request, the system will provide information about the existing debt.
Video: when a child support worker may not be allowed to go abroad
Where to check debt according to the lists of the traffic police and the Ministry of Internal Affairs
To find out information about debts for unpaid fines for administrative traffic violations, you need to go to the State Services portal. In your personal account you can check whether there are fines issued by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.
Where and how to see the availability of credit debt
Loan debts will also prevent you from traveling to another state. To find out about the debt, you need to contact each banking institution with which the agreement was concluded and clarify information about the debts. To do this, you can either visit a bank branch yourself, go to your personal account or call the credit institution’s hotline.
When visiting in person, you must have your passport with you. To obtain information over the phone, you will have to answer several clarifying questions asked by the operator.
How to lift a ban on traveling abroad
The simplest and most correct way to lift the ban is to pay off the existing debt. Moreover, this must be done in advance, and not a few days before leaving Russia.
It is important to pay off debts in advance. The bureaucratic machine is designed in such a way that it is impossible to instantly free yourself from restrictive measures. Both the imposition and lifting of a ban is the prerogative of the bailiff.
The bailiff must make sure that the debt is repaid, issue a resolution to cancel it and send the document to the control services, which, in turn, are obliged to remove the Russian from the “black list” of those prohibited from traveling abroad. The procedure takes several days or even weeks (no more than 14 working days).
You should not expect that it is enough to pay the debt and take the receipt with you. The border service will not let you out of the country in this case either.
If a citizen is sure that the ban was introduced illegally and violates his rights, he can file a complaint against the actions of the bailiff. You can also send a complaint through the prosecutor's office website. It's completely free. But here you need to be completely sure that you are right, otherwise it will be a waste of time.
The final decision will be made after 10 working days. This period is necessary for regulatory authorities to verify the appropriateness of the decision of the bailiff. As practice shows, in most cases an appeal will lead to nothing if the applicant actually has a debt that has reached the maximum limit as required by law.
Another solution to the problem is the completion or suspension of legal proceedings. In practice, it is extremely rare, since it involves the conclusion of a peace agreement between the debtor and the claimant.
Is it possible to bypass the ban?
Until 2017, many debtors resolved the issue of the ban by leaving through Belarus. In February 2017, a border zone with document checks was introduced between Russia and Belarus. Border posts are equipped with terminals with access to various databases, including the database of Russian debtors. In other words, at present debtors will not be able to freely travel through Belarus.
Video: how to legally get abroad while on the travel ban list
Departure via Kazakhstan
Another option for emergency exit from the Russian Federation if you have debts is to travel through Kazakhstan. To circumvent the ban, debtors must act as follows:
- purchase two tickets (transit and to Petropavlovsk);
- cross the border with a transit ticket, for the authorities the debtor will be considered a transit traveler;
- after passing border control, present a ticket to Petropavlovsk and move in that direction;
- get off in Petropavlovsk and head to the destination country.
Departure via Kaliningrad
This option is only suitable for Schengen visa holders. Purchase a train ticket to Kaliningrad. But the transport leaves in Vilnius, and from there you can fly to any country in Europe.
These methods are not completely illegal. They are simply exploiting gaps in Russian laws. The border services of Kazakhstan, Lithuania, and until recently Belarus are not interested in the Russian debts of foreign guests; moreover, they simply have no information about them. You can return back in any way; no one has the right to deny entry to Russia to a citizen of the Russian Federation. Another question is that upon returning to your homeland, your passport may be confiscated.
- Periodically visit the FSSP website and check for any enforcement proceedings open against you.
- Visit the website of the justices of the peace in your area, go to the “Judicial Proceedings” section. This way you can find out about the probable debt even before a court decision is made.
- Do not contact the bailiff for information about the ban. Perhaps the official did not have time to take a closer look at your issue or extend the existing ban, and the creditor himself did not demand this.
- If, in your opinion, the restriction was established illegally, feel free to contact the prosecutor’s office with a complaint. This can even be done on the website of the regional prosecutor's office.
- To avoid a travel ban, pay any outstanding debt on time. The need to travel abroad may arise unexpectedly; you need to be prepared for such an option in advance.
- Do not forget that it will take several weeks to lift an already established ban, even after the final repayment of the debt.
An untimely fine paid can become a serious obstacle to traveling abroad of the Russian Federation during the summer holiday season. In order not to spoil your vacation and not get into an unpleasant situation when you have to cancel your trip, you need to make sure in advance that there is no debt and no travel ban.
For most Russians, spending vacation time outside the country has become common and necessary. But to achieve your plans, it is not always necessary to purchase a trip, apply for a visa, if necessary, and pack your things. In some cases, travel outside the territory of the Russian Federation may be prohibited, for example, when a fine or taxes are not paid.
Is it possible to leave the country with existing debt?
Unfortunately, debt obligations on payments are not uncommon today. This is explained by the fact that many Russians prefer to take out a loan to implement their plans rather than collect the required amount over the course of several years. Many are convinced that debt to banks or other financial institutions leads to a certain veto, in particular, restrictions on travel to any country. This statement is partially false.
According to the current legislation of the Russian Federation, if a debtor fails to pay a court order without good reason and fails to pay debts, a measure such as travel restrictions may be applied to him. The information will be sent to the border service. Six months is exactly the validity period of the document; in case of non-payment within the specified period, the measure is extended for the same period.
What should be the amount of debt in order for travel to be limited?
Since October 1, 2017, Russian legislation has established the amount of debt limiting the departure of citizens from the country to 30,000 rubles. For debtors whose writ of execution contains demands for the collection of alimony, compensation for damage in connection with the death of the breadwinner, compensation for harm caused to health, property damage and (or) moral harm caused by a crime, travel abroad is prohibited if the amount of debt exceeds 10 000 rubles.
This measure is provided only if the debt is confirmed in court. Legislative documents state that not only the bailiff, but also the debt collector can restrict travel.
It is also important that the above amount may be cumulative across several court decisions. Moreover, the resulting debt on credit obligations or unpaid traffic police fines does not matter.
If the debt does not exceed the previously specified limit, no one can restrict travel to another country.
Read about who can impose restrictions and how to remove them.
Duration of restrictions
Only the courts can impose a ban on traveling abroad with debts. And they can do this only for a period specified by law, as a rule, it is six months. In order for this measure to be reintroduced, you must go through the procedure again.
Traveling abroad with an outstanding loan and mortgage
If there are no grounds, then neither the migration department nor the border service will prevent you from leaving.
The grounds that restrict travel outside the territory of Russia are specified in Federal Law No. 229 “On Enforcement Proceedings.” But only the court has the right to impose a ban. The competence of the bailiffs includes the implementation of the decision of the above-mentioned legislative body, sending the decision on the ban on travel to the relevant authorities.
Types of debt obligations that prevent departure
In order for the court to issue a travel ban, the amount of debt must be confirmed. If a citizen has incurred a debt on a loan, and the bank employee has not filed a lawsuit, then this fact is not an obstacle to leaving.
Citizens with debts may have their travel restricted in case of non-payment:
- Tax obligations;
- Alimony;
- Delays under loan agreements;
- Housing and communal services and utility payments;
- Debt to individuals confirmed in court;
- Administrative fines.
For example, traffic police officers send materials to the court only if the debtor has not paid the fine within two months. The same actions are taken by police officers if the violator does not pay on time and neglects penalties.
Any debt confirmed in court may result in restrictions on travel outside the Russian Federation.
How to check for debt obligations
As a rule, the citizen himself knows about overdue payments for housing and communal services and under loan agreements, about unpaid fines and alimony. He is also aware of the consequences of his inaction in these situations: the court decision comes by mail, the bailiff also sends a summons. But it often happens that the presence of debt comes as a complete surprise. For example, a person does not live at the place of registration, but a letter about payment of a fine from the traffic police arrives at this address. Consequently, it does not reach the offender. There may be cases when the ex-wife files for alimony without notifying the child’s father. There are many options.
To avoid getting into a similar situation when leaving the state, you need to do this in advance. This is not at all difficult to do.
Of course, border services and bailiffs have this information. It is worth remembering that the FSSP is interested in the debtor making payment; if you contact the above service, the citizen may provoke a situation where the employee, on his own initiative, sends a request to the judicial authorities in order to restrict travel outside the country. The best option is to send a formal request to the border service. Before planning to travel abroad with debts that you know nothing about, it is worth checking information about them from official sources.
Verification by full name in the FSSP register
Debt under loan agreements can also become a reason for restricting travel outside the Russian Federation. To find out about the amount of debt, you must contact the bank where the loan agreement was concluded and clarify information about the existing debt.
If visiting in person, you should take your passport with you. Clarifying information over the phone will require mandatory answers to a number of clarifying questions from the operator.
How to remove travel restrictions
The most correct and simple way to remove the existing restriction is, of course, to pay off the resulting debt. This must be done a few days before the planned trip.
Why should debts be paid in advance? The mechanism for removing the restriction will not work instantly, since the removal is the same as the imposition of a restriction.
And here the human factor is important, he needs to make sure that the debt has been paid, only after that he makes a decision to lift the restriction. This information is sent to regulatory authorities, which remove the debtor from the list of travel bans. The procedure is lengthy and can take up to several weeks.
You should not reassure yourself that the payment receipt will become strong evidence for the border services. If you are listed in the debtor database, then no one will let you out of the country.
How to bypass the travel ban
Most debtors enjoyed unhindered travel through the Republic of Belarus until February 2017. However, the border zone with mandatory document checks introduced in February limited this exit. Border control points today are equipped with terminals that provide access to a variety of systems, one of which is the debtor database. Traveling abroad with debts through the Republic of Belarus is impossible in 2018.
Departure via Kazakhstan
Also, one of the options for leaving the country if you have debt obligations is to travel through Kazakhstan. To bypass the imposed restrictions, a person can do the following:
- buy two tickets, one to Petropavlovsk, the other transit;
- cross the border, the traveler will not arouse suspicion among the authorities and border services if he travels on a transit ticket;
- after successfully crossing the border, provide border control with a ticket to Petropavlovsk and continue moving in the indicated direction;
- get off at the city station and travel to the destination country.
Departure via Kaliningrad
This option can only be considered by Schengen visa holders. A citizen purchases a ticket to Kaliningrad, but disembarks in Vilnius. From this point it is already sent to any point in Europe.
This is not to say that the above methods are completely illegal. As a rule, they are based on gaps in Russian legislation. The border services of Kazakhstan, Lithuania, and Belarus are absolutely not interested in the debts of foreign citizens, and they do not have information about the existence of debt. You can return to Russian territory in any way - no one can deny entry. But it is quite possible to be left without a passport upon returning to your homeland - it can be confiscated.
What Debtors Should Know
- Visit the official website of the FSSP to check the availability of open enforcement proceedings against you;
- Before a court ruling is made, you can find out about the probable debt on the website of the justices of the peace, in the menu item “judicial records management”;
- You should not contact the bailiff for information regarding the ban, since there is a possibility that, due to his busy schedule, he simply has not yet had time to deal with your issue, and the creditor has not yet required this;
- If you think that there were no legal grounds for the travel restriction, then you should file a complaint with the prosecutor’s office. This can be done by filling out an application on the website of the regional prosecutor's office;
- To avoid travel bans, make all payments on time. If there is a possibility of a spontaneous trip outside the country, it is worth preparing, as they say, just in case in advance;
- Do not forget that lifting the ban is a lengthy procedure and can take several weeks after the outstanding payments have been successfully paid.
A fine paid late is sufficient grounds for a ban on leaving the Russian Federation. In order not to overshadow your planned trip to hot countries and not to face an unpleasant situation when you can simply forget about the trip, make sure in advance that there are no outstanding payments and fines.